Ric‐8B is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for G alpha q, G alpha 13, and G alpha s and regulates G alpha s catalysis by a unique mechanism

G alpha 12 and G alpha 13 subunits define a fourth class of G protein alpha subunits.

Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) are central to the signaling processes of multicellular organisms. We have explored the diversity of the G protein subunits in mammals and found evidence for a large family of genes that encode the alpha subunits. Amino acid sequence comparisons show that the different alpha subunits fall into at least three classes. The...

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha -308 G/A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Risk of Sperm Abnormalities in Iranian Males

Objective Signaling molecules such as cytokines regulate spermatogenesis during the maturation of germ cells and apoptosis. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is one of the most-documented cytokines that supports spermatogenesis. We investigated the association of TNFα -308 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism with sperm abnormalities in Iranian population. MaterialsAndMethods This case control study in...

Any alpha(G) upper bound below chi(G) whenever alpha(G) < chi(G) is NP-hard to compute

P2Y5 is a G(alpha)i, G(alpha)12/13 G protein-coupled receptor activated by lysophosphatidic acid that reduces intestinal cell adhesion.

P2Y5 is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds and is activated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). We determined that P2Y5 transcript is expressed along the intestinal mucosa and investigated the intracellular pathways induced by P2Y5 activation, which could contribute to LPA effects on intestinal cell adhesion. P2Y5 heterologously expressed in CHO and small intestinal hBRIE 380i cells was activa...

Orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR56 regulates neural progenitor cell migration via a G alpha 12/13 and Rho pathway.

In the developing forebrain, the migration and positioning of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are regulated coordinately by various molecules. Mutation of these molecules, therefore, causes cortical malformation. GPR56 has been reported as a cortical malformation-related gene that is mutated in patients with bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria. GPR56 encodes an orphan G protein-coupled recep...